Primary transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare tumor. It implies no pre-existing or concomitant bladder tumor and arises from indifferernt or reserve cell, lying between the luminal epithelium and the basement membrane of the
periurethral
ducts. A review of 125 patients with carcinoma of the prostate presenting to this hospital in the 10 years between Jan. 1980 and Dec. 1990 revealed 5 patients(4%) with primary transitional cell carcinoma arising within the prostate. Clinical
presentations were similar to prostatic adenocarcinoma, but hematuria was found in 4 of 5 patients(80%). PSA was elevated in one of 4 cases. Both diagnosis and histological pattern of invasion were all made by TURP. Histologically, all patients
had
both
prostatic stroma and ductal and acinar involvements of transitional fcell carcionma and had metastases at the time of diagnosis. One patient was lost during follow-up. Mean survival time of 4 patients was 20.5 months after diagnosis. In
conclusion,
when
primary transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate is suspected, transurethral resection of the prostate should be performed to provide sufficient material to determine the exact histological extent of malignant cells. Because the patients with
stromal
involvement had extremely poor survival, we suggest that such patients, even though they do not have metastases at presentation, should be offered neoadjuvant chemotherapy before radical cystoprostatectomy.
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